abscess – an acute inflammation accompanied by swelling and pus formation
anesthesia – numbing, removes any possible pain during the procedure
apex locator – a device for precise measurement of the length of the tooth root and root canal
pulpitis – inflammation of the dental pulp (tooth nerve)
endodontics – treatment of root canals (primarily for teeth that have not been treated before)
re-endodontics – root canal treatment of a tooth that has been previously treated
extraction – pulling or removal of a tooth
hemiextraction – removal of one root of a multi-rooted tooth (e.g., a molar) while keeping the other, on which a crown is later made without the need to grind neighboring teeth
implant – “screw-in tooth” – a screw that replaces the root of an extracted tooth
filling – a tooth restoration
amalgam filling – “silver filling”
photocomposite / composite / ceramic filling – “white filling”
temporary filling – a provisional or temporary tooth filling
post and core – a reinforcement anchored in the root, replacing the missing crown portion of the tooth or strengthening the remaining part of the tooth under a crown
gingivitis – inflammation of the gums
acute marginal periodontitis – “tooth pocket” – inflammation of the bone along the root of the tooth
apical periodontitis – radiolucent area at the root tip as a sign of an inflammatory process
periodontitis – “periodontal disease” – inflammation of the supporting structures of the tooth (gums and bone)
bridge – a fixed dental restoration (“permanent”), replacing a missing tooth and anchored to neighboring teeth covered by crowns
removable denture – a prosthesis replacing several missing teeth, usually used when a fixed replacement is not possible
full removable denture – a prosthesis replacing all teeth in the dental arch
metal-ceramic crown – white crown with a metal core covered with porcelain
all-ceramic crown – white porcelain crown without a metal core
veneered crown – crown with a white porcelain front surface, while the back and biting surfaces are metallic
full-metal crown – crown made entirely of metal, gold or silver in color